Etiological distribution of vertigo in Otorhinolaryngology Outpatient Department in a tertiary care center: An observational study in North Eastern Indian population

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective:

To study the various etiologies of vertigo in the patient population presenting to Otolaryngology Outpatient Department in a tertiary center in North Eastern India.

Materials and Methods:

Our current study included 213 participants who presented to the ENT Outpatient Department with complaints of giddiness or vertigo during the period from April 2024 to December 2024. Required clinical data was collected by verification of medical records maintained in the vertigo clinic. And etiologic distribution for vertigo was studied.

Results:

Of the 213 patients studied,62.79% were females and 37.21% were males. And the median age range of the population was 45-60 years.

The etiologies for vertigo prevalent in the study population were: Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) (34.74%) Vestibular Migraine (26.29%), Meniere’s Disease (18.3%), Central vertigo (5.16%), Labyrinthitis (3.38%), Vestibular Neuronitis (2.81%) and a spectrum of other rare etiologies. Few cardiovascular and functional causes of giddiness were also identified.

Conclusion:

BPPV involving the posterior semicircular canal is the most common etiology of vertigo in the study population. Vestibular Migraine and Meniere’s Disease respectively represented the second and third common etiologies. Few rare peripheral vestibular, neurological and cardiovascular causes were also identified.

Key words:

Vertigo, giddiness, Vertigo clinic, BPPV, Etiology