Demographic profile of Head and Neck Malignancy in Northeast India: A Retrospective study.

Abstract

Introduction: head and neck cancer are the sixth most common malignancy worldwide, with 57.5% of the global burden occuring in Asia, particularly India, particularly in Northeast where genetic, environmental and lifestyle related risk factors are significant contributor

Method: retrospective study done in AIIMS Guwahati for a period of one and half year.

Results: total 552 patients data were collected, among which male are more common than female, Malignant diseases are more common than benign conditions with elderly people of age 45-60 years were more effected by cancers. the majority of patients were from assam78.6% followed by Nagaland 16.8%. oral cavity carcinoma25.5% being the most common malignancy followed by hypopharyngeal cancer10.1%,oropharyngeal cancers 8.9%, laryngeal cancer 7.8%, and nasopharyngeal cancers7.4%.  Among benign diseases multinodular goiter, lipoma and pleomorphic adenoma are predominant. Miscellaneous tumours accounted for 18.5% of cases.

discussion: this one and half year study highlights that the head and neck cancer in North east India mostly effect males in their late adulthood, with oral cavity carcinoma being the most prevalent subtype. assam and Nagaland contribute to the highest case buirden. 

conclusion: High number of malignancy with wide verities of disease rises concern and needs targeted awareness, early screening, region-specific cancer control policies.